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Ref to Samuel Clossey M.D. physician to Mercers Hospital pxxix
in 1761 and member of the Medico-Philosophical Society In 1762 he emigrated to
America and was one of the 1st lecturers on anatomy in New York. See
Dublin Jnl xvii 218 p xxx Dublin Medical Society founded 1793 a succr to the
above. In 1802 only 15 members in 1809 its books were distributed among the
members.
p xxxviii Re Dr John O'Brien M.D. Scholar of TCD. 1803
Appointed assistant surgeon to the Artillery 27th May
1809. In April 1801 he was induced by his brother to
retire from the Service and settle in Dublin, where
he was appointed to the Sick Poor Institution in
Meath Street; and subsequently was elected one of the
Physicians at the Cork Street Hospital, an institution
to which he devoted much time and labour. See his
reports in the Sick Poor Institution 1817 and in the
Transactions of the Medical Association 1814, 1819,
1826, 1829. He was Censor and aftewards President of the College of
Physicians and became Librarian of that body. In 1827 he was a candidate with Dr
Graves for the Professorship of the Institutes of Medicine. He died
December 1845 aged 64.
Source: From the Dublin Quarterly Journal of Medical Science 1846. Vol 01 582
pp at Wellcome Institute London
February and May 1846.
Submitted by Alan Longbottom
Ref to the earliest medical body in Ireland p 076
of whose incorporation there is any record is the fraternity or guild of
the art of barbers, or Guild of St Mary Magdalene of the City of Dublin
which was established by Royal Charter on the 18th October 25 Henry Vi
(1446) for the promotion and exercise of the art of chirurgery. - to consist of
men as well as women A copy of the Charter was extant in 1747 but appears to
have since been lost.
There was also a later Charter of 1576
In Scotland the Barber surgeons were incorporated in 1506
see London Medical and Physical Journal vol xxvii p 116.
In England they were incorporated in 1461 Act of Ed IV.
p 080 Apprentices were required to enrol themselves within 2 months after
being bound, otherwise the indenture was void. The guild had the power to arrest
runaway apprentices. They might admit women as members. Some of the members were
obliged to take yearly 2 of the poor boys from the Hospital at Oxmantown
(Blue-coat or King's Hospital) for 7 years.
p 084 A committee was appointed in 1698 to prepare a bill to regulate the
practise of physic in Ireland, and in 1703 another was named to bring in the
heads of a bill to regulate the practise of physic and chirurgery and of
apothecaries in the City of Dublin.
See Jnls of Irish House of Commons Vol ii p 125 and
same vol ii p 322
p 085 In the year 1735 an Act received the sanction of the Legislature -
for preventing frauds and abuses in the making and vending unsound, adulterated
and bad drugs and medicines. See Irish Statutes Vol vi p 203 9 Geo II c 10.
It provided for 4 Inspectors of apothecaries shops to be annually appointed by
the College of Physicians to act with 2 apothecaries of good repute, or if they
refuse to act without them; with power to burn or otherwise destroy any usound
drugs which might occur to them in their inspection, with a penalty for
obstruction of £10. All aopthecaries, chemists and druggists were to enrol with
the Registrar of the College of Physicians before the 1st Sept 1736, and to pay
a fee of 1 shilling for registration, otherwise they were to be considered
unlawful professors of the art or mystery.
p 086 There was also later in 1745 a Corporation of Apothecaries or Guild of St
Luke Charter dated 18th Sept 1745 Geo II.
p 090 In 1767 7 Geo III c 15 An Act was passed for directing
the application of £7,000 granted to the Dublin Society for the encouragement
of such trades and manufactures as should be directed by Parliament; and
the Society were, by the 3rd section, empowered to appropriate sums not
exceeding #250 towards erecting and establishing a - Pharmacopoeia Pauperum, for
dispensing medicines to the poor of the City of Dublin according to the
plan of John Wade chemist.
Wade's - Chymical Elaboratory and Dispensary for the Poor - was accordingly
established in Capel Street, for supplying the apothecaries with pure,
unadulterated medicines, and for relieving the poor on cheap and easy terms, the
plan having been previously honoured with the sanction of - our learned College
of Physicians and that the Institution might be rendered as beneficial as possible,
and the purity of every composition be established on the surest principles, Mr
Wade devoted his whole attention and industry to chemistry, to which science
pharmacy is not only indebted but owes its chief support. From a return
made to the Dublin Society 1st Nov 1770, it would appear that from 2nd June 1768
to 25th October 1770 - 1,570 indigent persons were relieved; and that of
this number a great part had been attended at their respective habitations, in
the most remote parts of the city and its environs - gratis.
The object of the institution seems to have been the same as that of the
dispensaries established by the London College of Physicians towards the end of
the 17th century - to supply the poor with advice without charge, and with
medicines at cost price.
Note - It was at first intended that medicine as well as advice should have been
given gratis at these establishments, but the College of Physicians found it
impossible to carry out this intention. They bound their members to prescribe
for the poor gratis; and 53 of the fellows subscribed £10 per annum each,
and opened 3 dispensaries, at which the medicines prescribed was sold to
the poor at its intrinsic value. The opposition of the apothecaries to this
measure is thus described by Sir S Garth in his humorous poem - The
Dispensary :-
The Faculty of Warwick Lane design,
If not to storm, at least to undermine;
Their gates each day ten thousand night caps crowd,
And mortars utter their attempts aloud.
If they should once unmask our mystery,
Each nurse, e'er long, would be as learned we,
Our art exposed to every vulgar eye,
And none in complaisance to us would die.
What ! if we claim our right t'assassinate,
Must they needs turn apothecaries straight.
Our manufactures now they meanly sell,
And spightfully the intrinsic value tell.
p 100 Ref to Farr's Medical Annual 1839 ??
Re women as well as men as barber surgeons under
charters of Henry Eliz and James.
Source: Link to Meath and Adelaide Hospitals, Dublin
http://indigo.ie/~arhc/arhchx.html
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